The very first automated detection system for birds was created in the 1950s, and was mostly based on radar. Validation tests with a fixed-wing drone and verifying observations by ornithologists proved the system can protect birds around wind farms, with the desired reliability. The bird detection, localization and identification are carried out using vision methods and artificial intelligence algorithms. The system development process applies a User-Driven Design method. A solution based on this approach using a stereo-vision system embedded in distributed computing and IoT paradigms is presented in this paper. Such reactions may use light deterrents and/or sound signals, the slowing or stopping of a wind turbine, the delayed takeoff or landing of an aircraft, or the calling of a falconer to scare resting or foraging birds. The ADaRM might be based on the detection of birds and/or bats using machine vision and appropriate reactions to achieve AIA. One of the main technological approaches to achieving Avifauna Individuals Avoidance (AIA) is the Automated Detection and Reaction Method (ADaRM). Moreover, the suitability of the system to classify the size of the detected bird into one of three wingspan categories, small, medium and large, was confirmed. Validation tests with a fixed-wing drone and verifying observations by ornithologists proved the system’s desired reliability of detecting a bird with wingspan over 1.5 m from at least 300 m. The bird identification is carried out using artificial intelligence algorithms. This proposal includes a bird detection method and localization procedure. The development process applies a User-Driven Design approach along with the process of component selection and heuristic adjustment. After a bird’s detection in a defined zone, the decision-making system activates a collision avoidance routine composed of light and sound deterrents and the turbine stopping procedure. The solution is based on a stereo-vision system embedded in distributed computing and IoT paradigms. This article proposes a system for mitigating bird mortality around wind farms. up to 500,000 birds die annually due to collisions with wind turbines. However, in recent years with the increase in the number and size of wind turbines, their impact on avifauna has become worrisome. Wind as a clean and renewable energy source has been used by humans for centuries.
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